Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people of similar competence to the producers of the work (peers). It constitutes a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review methods are employed to maintain standards of quality, improve performance, and provide credibility. In academia, scholarly peer review is often used to determine an academic paper's suitability for publication. Peer review can be categorized by the type of activity and by the field or profession in which the activity occurs.

- Peer Review, Wikipedia as on 1st July, 2018

Scientists publish their findings in the form of a "research paper". Research papers and some other articles form are periodically compiled together to form an Academic journal. The research papers, usually, undergo a peer review process, before finding their place in the academic journal.